What does the term "natural language processing" (NLP) refer to?

The term "natural language processing" (NLP) refers to a field of artificial intelligence (AI) focused on the interaction between computers and human (natural) languages. Its main goal is to enable computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language in a way that is both meaningful and useful. This involves various tasks, such as speech recognition, language translation, sentiment analysis, and text summarization.

NLP uses algorithms and models that analyze and synthesize language, allowing machines to perform functions such as understanding context, detecting intent, and generating responses in a way that feels natural to human users. The development of NLP has been significantly influenced by advances in machine learning and deep learning, which have improved the ability of systems to process and understand language at a deeper level.

In contrast, the other options describe different concepts that are not related to the core idea of NLP. For instance, methods for data visualization focus on presenting data in graphical formats, techniques for data normalization deal with standardizing data, and managing large datasets pertains to data storage and processing rather than language comprehension.